| Child survivors of Auschwitz, wearing adult-size prisoner jackets, stand behind a barbed wire fence. Still from the Soviet film on the liberation of Auschwitz, recorded by the film crew of the 1st Ukrainian Front. Among those pictured are Tomasz Szwarz (October 15, 1932 – ????); Alicja Gruenbaum (1934 – ????); Solomon Rozalin (???? – ????); Gita Sztrauss (???? – ????); Wiera Sadler (???? – ????); Marta Wiess (???? – ????); Boro Eksztein (???? – ????); Josef Rozenwaser (???? – ????); Rafael Szlezinger (???? – ????); Gabriel Nejman (1937 – ????); Gugiel Appelbaum (???? – ????); Mark Berkowitz (1933 – ????), a twin; Pesa Balter (September 25, 1933 – ????); Ruth Webber (neé Muszkies, 1935 – ????); Miriam Ziegler (neé Friedman, May 21, 1935 -); and twins Miriam Mozes (January 31, 1934 – June 6, 1993) and Eva Kor (neé Mozes, January 31, 1934 – July 4, 2019) wearing knitted hats. Webber was born in Ostrowiec, Poland. There were 50,000 gentiles and only 15,000 Jews. Webber lived with her father (Samuel), mother (Molly Angenicki), older sister Helen and grandmother. Their home was a traditional, not orthodox home. She remembers a happy home and Friday night dinners at her grandparents. Her father was a professional photographer who did not wear a beard but never worked on Saturday. Her paternal grandmother lived with them after her husband, a cantor, passed away. When the Germans arrived in 1939, Webber was not allowed to play outdoors because of the shootings. She remembers everyone being tense and her father being home often because his studio was taken over by the Germans. Her older sister, Helen, a pianist, was studying in Warsaw. Her grandfather’s beard was shaven and her aunt, who was in her twenties, was abused. In 1942, the Germans formed a ghetto and because it was in the section of the city where Webber lived, her family did not have to move. Her aunt and uncle from Warsaw came, bringing her sister, because they thought it would be safer. They stayed and moved in with them. The German officers loved to hear Helen play. She was soon placed with a Gentile family to continue her career. Webber said “she had an easy three years.” There was a sad, chaotic atmosphere at home with a lot of crying. Her parents wanted her to live with Gentiles as well, but the young 7-year-old Webber insisted on staying with her parents. When the sirens would sound, the family went to the cellar. Webber thought this was wonderful fun. That was just before the Germans arrived. Afterwards, her father continued working at his studio for a time, although he was no longer in charge. Shortly thereafter, he applied for a job in a nearby factory where her mother worked in the kitchen. Webber’s parents were transported to Camp Bodzechow, leaving the grandparents behind. She went with them and stayed for 5 months, October 1942 until February 1943. There was a place on the roof for her grandparents to hide, but they did not go up and during a roundup. They were then sent on the 1st transport to Treblinka and never heard from again. Because there were rumors that the Germans were coming and shipping people to another camp for extermination, Webber was hidden every day. The family planned to sneak into the forest to hide during the selection. This was no place for children who were supposed to be on the 1st transport. They often hid in the corn field, in the high stalks. Polish children were playing ball close by. Once, when begging for food at the door of a farmhouse, the farmer’s wife called the police and reported them. A kind policeman recommended that they go to the nearby camp to be safe. The camp he recommended was the 1 they had just escaped from. They did return, but ran into the forest every night to hide the children. 1 night, Webber refused to go and that was the night a German patrol found others in the forest who never returned. There was a 2nd floor office in the camp’s repair shop. They hid there and she slept with her father. On occasion, she was left alone. They had to clean up every crumb of food so that rats would not find them. Like Ann Frank’s family, they could not move or make a sound all day and could only do so when nightfall came and the workers left. Webber played games with the rats and mice to pass the time. Once she hid with some other children in a potato bin and, when caught, the German soldier reprimanded them and walked away. During all this time, she would fantasize about her sister, about what she was doing and what her life would be like if she would have gone with her. Webber’s mother kept her spirits up by talking about the “good times,” and saying this would soon end. She would also give her daughter her rations because she was always hungry. At this point, she lost touch with her father, who was sent to another camp. 2 Germans were supposed to shoot her and another child as well. They changed their minds at the last moment, saying that the children could be used in the kitchen and as messengers. There were many unexplained “miracles,” and her mother continued to pray for her. The other women tried to comfort her because their children were already gone. Some only tolerated her because they thought she endangered their lives. When there was an attempted escape, the prisoners were caught. She was hidden in a toilet in the outhouse and saw them digging what became their own graves. Prisoners were shot and thrown into the hole, some still alive and screaming. Others had to shovel dirt on them. There was constant fear that every moment would be the last. When Webber and her mother managed to get on a train to Bodzechow, German soldiers were checking for sabotage, so they hid in a ravine and snuck back into the camp. There was another roundup where they had to kneel for an entire day. She was hidden behind her mother who said “if shooting starts, slide under me.” But, there was none and, at this time, Webber’s mind was “set for survival.” Next they were put in cattle cars, bound for Auschwitz. She was lifted up to see landmarks out the windows. When they arrived in Auschwitz, it was nighttime, and they were in the station for about 18 hours. Everyone was scared and crying. There weren’t any sanitary provisions nor food and drink in the cars. When the doors opened, she heard screams of “Raus! Raus!” and saw people in uniforms. It was very orderly. There were rumors that SS-Hauptsturmführer (Captain) Josef Mengele (March 16, 1911 – February 7, 1979) was missing because he was ill. This was the summer of 1942. There were no selections because they came from a work camp, but men and women were separated. However, the children who were with their fathers did not survive. She and her mother were 1st taken into a room to undress. They went into the showers and everyone’s hair was shaven, and they were given dresses to wear. Tall women received short dresses and short women were given long dresses. Everyone laughed because they did not recognize each other. They were allowed to keep their shoes after they were dipped into disinfectants. They were then marched to their barracks in Birkenau, Block 2B. Each barrack had 6 people facing 1 way and 6 people facing another way. If anyone turned around, everyone had to turn. At 4 in the morning they had breakfast which consisted of colored water. They often stood in line for hours for Mengele’s count. Everyone tried to protect their friends and family. Webber was not counted because she was a child. The children stayed out of the German’s way, so they were tolerated. Once, she and another child ran into the block next door and hid under the corpses. They entertained each other making up stories about their homes. They also found sticks and yarn and tried to knit. Webber’s mother had taken on work detail such as cleaning the toilets. They watched the ovens smoking shortly after transports arrived. Webber lost her appetite because of the smell in the air. Her mother tried to see her daily. 1 day she said, “I have to leave you.” This depressed Webber who answered, “What good are you? One day we’ll all go up in smoke.” Webber got the measles and was sent to the hospital. There was to be a selection there, so, although she also had pneumonia, the nurse sent her back to the barracks. She had lost a great deal of weight and also lost her voice. No 1 thought they would live. Her measles sores would not heal, so her mother went with her to Kressa Block for prisoners with skin diseases. Something was put on the sores that made them much worse. Every day was a nightmare. She contracted an infection under 1 of her arms which she hid so she’d be let out. Her mother had always told her that life would be good again, and she would be back with her sister and grandparents. She gave her extra food. They were there for 6 months. Within a short time, Webber’s mother was on the list to be shipped. Mengele wanted the children to stay, and she was sent to the children’s block. The Red Cross came, so the blocks were cleaned and beds made. The children were told to “act happy.” This was the lowest point in Webber’s life. She questioned why she was there and also why she had to be a Jew. Without her mom’s reinforcement, Webber lost her desire to live. 1 day she got a message that a man was asking for her. She was told that her father was in the next camp. She went to the barbed wire fence, and he was on the other side. She was very angry, blamed him for leading them into this camp and this situation. She was rude and mean to him. He asked if he could help her and told her not to stay behind but to leave on the march. He said that those staying would be executed. Webber’s father left on the march and she stayed behind. Just as her execution was to be carried out, the Russians came. The Russians liberated the camp on January 27, 1945. The Germans had deserted 10 days before but returned briefly screaming “Raus, Raus;” and whoever ran out was shot. Again, Webber missed being killed. Once the Russians came, they were transferred to 1 elite barrack with an oven for warmth. There were more blankets, clothes and bread. Fortunately the food was not rich. They helped themselves to clothes from the warehouses. The Russians were kind and took them to Krakow on a flat cart and opened an orphanage. On the way, they saw Warsaw, a now bombed out city. Webber’s mother wasn’t liberated until the end of the war. She found her youngest daughter through the lists posted at railroad stations. Her mother then headed back to find her oldest daughter, Helen. Helen was no longer the person that the young Webber fantasized about. Her sister had a good life but after joining Webber and her mother and becoming a Jew once again, she did not fit in. Webber and her mom were very close, and her sister didn’t share their past. Her father didn’t survive. Webber was left in a children’s home, so her mother could see who else survived. She gave her a hard time when she saw her. Their city was no longer safe and the reality that they had to leave Poland set in. They traveled from Czechoslovakia to Germany, eventually finding cousins in Canada who sent for them. They lived with the Barkin family in Toronto. Because her sister needed a higher education, they lived in Munich where there was a Hebrew High School. They lived with an affluent German family who gave them a room. Webber resented children who had homes after the war. While in Poland, in the orphanage, an American journalist took their names and distributed them to Jewish children in New York City. 1 girl sent her letters, food and clothes but no 1 else received any parcels. “It was like someone was watching over me.” As a child, Webber would not talk about her experiences although when she was in Philadelphia, she heard a child survivor speak. Her mother refused to believe that her father had died and wouldn’t give up hope. “I’m alive…I’m a winner.” “I resent when people feel sorry for me.” Webber had 3 daughters: Shelly, Elaine and Susan. Pesa Balter (2nd from the left), arrived in Auschwitz in August 1944 at the age of 11. Paula Lebovics, nee, Pessa Balter, had a happy early childhood. Born on September 25, 1933, she did not know at the age of 5 that a war had started, 1 that would destroy her life as she knew it. She lived in a religious home; her parents worked in her grandfather’s shoe store in Ostrowiec, Poland until 1940 when soldiers came and told her family that their part of the city was not for Jews. Her family was banished to a single room in the open ghetto. Her brother Herschel rapidly schooled himself in survival and prepared a hole under a chicken coop, where he hid his family and whomever else could crowd in, a total of 40, on days when there was to be a “selection.” 2 sisters, ages 1618 declined to join them because they had papers that assured them they could work in safety. They were never heard from again. Pessa was hidden in an attic during the day and allowed out to see her parents only at night. She quickly learned survival lessons from her brother, chief among these lessons to appear as invisible as possible. When her brother told her it was too dangerous to stay, she hid in an abandoned brick factory then moved from place to place. She suffered gnawing hunger and numbing cold. Eventually she was captured by Ukrainian soldiers and taken to the Germans. At 1 point, Pessa recalls being told to wash the floor of a large hall at a Hitler Youth camp. Given only a small pail, half filled with water, the impossibility of the task seemed to symbolize her hopelessness. At the age of 10, she was herded onto a cattle car, packed with other unfortunates and taken to Auschwitz. The women were cast into a room and subjected to searches. Then she was tattooed. She survived on starvation rations of watery gruel and black bread, and singing, to bolster the spirits of her fellow prisoners. When Mengele, came to select subjects for his infamous experiments, she practiced her skills at being invisible. Pessa heard that her brother was across the electrified fence and found him. When they found that their mother was gravely ill, he passed food for her across that fence to Pessa. Others, unsuccessful at negotiating the fence were seen hanging on it every morning, electrocuted, dead. Then, 1 day, all the adults were marched out of the camp, a death march. Left with the younger children, Pessa’s only food for 10 days was a moldy bit of bread she had found. Allied bombs were starting to fall and knocked out the powerhouse. Along with others, she returned to the camp and in an abandoned storeroom she put on as many clothes as she could manage to protect herself against the winter cold. Darkness found her scrambling through a mound of mismatched shoes, and she was so proud of herself to find 2 felt boots. They were not a pair, and 1 was much too large, but as she had nothing, then found something, for a moment she considered herself rich. Finally on January 27, 1945, Russian soldiers opened the gate. Death was still prevalent throughout the camp as so many succumbed to dysentery. She once again found her mother. They registered with the Red Cross and then went to their hometown. When they found her grandfather’s building, the caretaker who had taken over the living quarters greeted them with the question: “Jew, they didn’t kill you?” Her brother Herschel once again came to the rescue and got them to a displaced persons camp in Germany. There, she enrolled in Hebrew school, the 1st real school she ever attended, at age 12. Herschel eventually immigrated to Australia in 1950 but Pessa and her mother were not wanted there. They were able to come to the United States, arriving in Detroit on March 1, 1952. At the age of 18, she was able to begin life anew. She became Paula (better name for America) and married in 1957. After the war, Missus Lebovics had a son and a daughter. She survived her husband. Alicja Gruenbaum went to Krakow after the war. “You were ordered to stay in line, yet you ran off to look for your mother and sister,”” Marc Berkowitz remembers being told [by Josef Mengele] upon his arrival at the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp more than 40 years ago. The tall and dark-haired chief physician, who decided in a fraction of a 2nd if a new inmate would live or not, added: “I can see that you’re a very courageous young man.” Berkowitz became a servant and messenger for Mengele at Auschwitz. He believed Josef Mengele continued to taunt him into the 1980s, sending messages using a secret nickname only known to the 2 of them. His sister, Francesca, survived Auschwitz but could not return with Mark and Eva Kor in 1985. Miriam Friedman (Frydman)(May 21, 1935 -) was born in Radom, Poland, to Herschel Frydman and Hozia (Rose) Alkichen (born September 18, 1912) in Ostrowiec, Poland. Herschel, a former soldier in the Polish Army, owned a stationary and general goods store above which the family lived. They kept kosher, and were active in the Jewish community. Holidays were spent with Miriam’s maternal grandparents, Herschel and Faiga Alkichen, in Ostrowiec, where they owned a fur store. Polish was spoken at home, but Miriam understood Yiddish. On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland. Miriam and Hozia were driving to Ostrowiec when they heard gunfire and hid behind a mill, but they reached her grandparents’ house. Hozia’s cousin found a Polish farmer to hide Miriam. Hozia sewed money for the farmer in Miriam’s coat lining. The farmer’s daughter hated Miriam and made her live under the stairs in the unheated, rat infested barn. The farmer took Miriam begging and introduced her as his granddaughter. On these outings, Miriam saw Jews being rounded up, chased by dogs, and shot. While walking past a forest, she saw the bodies of 4 Jews hanging from the trees and recognized them as her cousins who had been in hiding. Afraid of being caught, the farmer sent Miriam home. By January 1942, the Germans turned over the Alkichen fur store to Polish owners and deported Herschel and Faiga to Auschwitz. Miriam, Hozia, an uncle, and an aunt, Bella Naiberg and her baby, were forced into a shared home in the Ostrowiec ghetto. During the day, Hozia went to work. At night, everyone hid in the attic. During a round up, Hozia was holding Bella’s baby when a soldier shot and killed the baby. 1 day, Miriam heard shooting and hid in the attic. When her mother and uncle found her, she was the only 1 left alive. Hozia found a Polish woman, a former customer in her father’s store, to hide Miriam. The woman treated Miriam well. Miriam did not look Jewish and, if she was seen, the woman said she was her niece. When people visited, she hid in a cupboard. The woman found out Herschel, Miriam’s father, was in a forced labor camp and working nearby. She gave Miriam a bread basket; Miriam found Herschel and pretended to sell him bread. He told her that her mother and Aunt Bella were in the same camp and that Hozia worked in an iron factory. During 1 visit, she did not want to go home, and they stayed overnight in a barn where Jews were hiding. Miriam wanted to stay another night, but Herschel refused; that night, the barn was raided and everyone killed. In April 1942, the Polish woman’s husband, a soldier, returned, and Miriam had to leave. She told her father and, after work, the prisoners smuggled her into the camp. There were 6 other hidden children. Miriam cleaned bricks and loaded them onto trains. When she got sick and could not work, she hid in the kitchen and made noodles and peeled potatoes. During inspections, the children hid in the outhouses or under the bed covers. On August 3, 1944, the camp inmates were deported to Auschwitz. They boarded a cattle car without bathroom facilities or food. People were screaming and crying and many died. Upon arrival, men and women were separated. Hozia and Miriam were taken to the showers; Miriam’s head was shaved, and she was tattooed with prisoner number 16991. They were housed in barrack B2B and fed soup and bread. During a selection, all the women, Hozia included, were taken. In September, Miriam was taken to the former Roma Camp in Birkenau concentration camp. Boys and girls were separated. Miriam saw her 16-year-old cousin in the boys’ barracks. Every morning, the children were brought outside naked, counted, and examined. Anyone with marks on their body was selected for medical experiments. Her cousin was 1 of them. Miriam was selected, but did not know what they did to her. Some tried to escape and were beaten, shot, or electrocuted on the electric fence. At 1 roll call, Miriam saw her grandmother, Faiga. Whenever Miriam was in the yard, they talked. The female German guard liked Miriam and gave her extra bread that she gave to Faiga. 1 day, the Germans left. Miriam and other children went to Auschwitz and brought back food and clothing. After 3 days, the Germans returned. They told the children that if they wanted to live, they should to get in line. Miriam got in line; an aunt saw and pulled her out. On January 27, 1945, the Soviet Army liberated the camp. Faiga returned to Ostroweic. Miriam was sent to a children’s home in Krakow. She had tuberculosis and an eye infection and was sent to a sanatorium in Rabka. Polish children threw grenades at the Jewish children, so they were sent back to Krakow. Miriam left a note at the Krakow train station with her whereabouts. After liberation from a German work camp, Hozia and Bella were in Czechoslovakia, planning on going to Palestine. A friend of Hozia’s saw the note and told her about it. Hozia and Bella went to Krakow, found Miriam, and returned to Ostroweic. Miriam was still sick, so Hozia sent her to a children’s home in Warsaw. They learned that her father, Herschel, was killed on a death march. In 1946, with no work or permanent home, the family left Poland. They were arrested at the Czech border and imprisoned, then placed in Bindermichl displaced persons camp in Linz, Austria. That year a memorial monument was erected. Miriam unveiled the monument and spoke to Parliament about her experience. Hozia sold papers and books at a kiosk. She could not look after Miriam and sent her to the Strobl children’s home near Salzburg. An American reporter interviewed Miriam and published her story in a New York paper. Relatives in the United States sent care packages, but the family could not go to the US as the quota had been reached. In 1947, the Canadian government permitted 1,000 Jewish orphans to enter Canada. On January 29, 1948, Miriam left from Bremerhaven, Germany, on the General Sturgis. She arrived on February 10 and went to live with a great uncle and cousin in Toronto. After Auschwitz, Friedman Ziegler spent time in various hospitals and orphanages in eastern Europe. Eventually, she came to Canada as part of a group of 1,000 child refugees. She lived for a while in Hamilton with relatives. 2 years later her mother came to Canada, and they settled in Toronto. She eventually met her husband — also a Holocaust survivor — on a blind date. The couple has 3 children. “I had a very, very good life,”” she said. “I never dreamt that I would live in such a beautiful place.”” Eva Kor (born Etu Mozes) was the youngest child of Alexandru Mozes and Zseni (Jaffa) Mozes. She and her twin sister, Miriam (Matu), were born on January 31, 1934. The twins also had 2 older sisters, Edit (Rivku), born in January 1930 and Aliz (Hencsi), born in July 1932. The family lived in Port, a small farming village in Transylvania. They were the only Jews in the village. Alexandru was deeply religious and quite prosperous, owning many cows, sheep, and thousands of acres of fields. In 1940, after Hungary assumed control of the previously Romanian region, antisemitism increased, and Jews could no longer travel freely. By 1942, Jews were forbidden to hire Aryan laborers, and Alexandru had to fire all his farm hands. In 1943 Jews were required to wear the yellow star. In October, Alexandru and Zseni, having decided the situation was becoming increasingly intolerable, woke up their daughters in the middle of night and told them to put on their warmest clothes. They decided to try to sneak over the border to Romania, but before they reached edge of their property, Hungarian Nazi youths stopped them and forced them to return. Soon after returning, Zseni became extremely ill with typhoid and spent most of the following months in bed. The following March, shortly after her recovery, Hungarian gendarmes came to the Mozes home and told the family to pack clothing and 2 weeks of food for their immediate relocation to a labor camp. In fact, they sent the family to the nearby town of Simleul Silvaniei where they were sealed in a ghetto with approximately 7,000 other Jews. Alexandru was tortured in an attempt to force him to reveal where the family had hidden their valuables. After about a month, the family was deported by cattle car to Auschwitz in early May. Throughout this period, Eva and Miriam were dressed identically. Upon their arrival at the camp, guards spotted that they were twins and pulled them aside. Eva assumes that her mother, who was still weak from typhoid, was probably killed immediately. She does not know exactly what happened to her father and older sisters, but none survived the war. Besides Miriam and Eva, there were 16 other sets of twins on the transport including the Csengeri sisters from Simleul Silvaniei. Their mother, Rosie Csengeri (April 25, 1916 – 1944), was selected to accompany the children to camp IIb. The twins were tattooed, given short haircuts but allowed to keep their own clothes since there were no prison uniforms small enough for them to wear. However, a big red cross was painted on the backs of their dresses to prevent their escape. For the next 6 months, Eva and Miriam were subjected to medical experiments about 3 times a week, for 6 to 8 hours at a time. Josef Mengele and other Nazi physicians took blood samples, measurements, and photographs of their bodies, and injected them with various pathogens. As a result of these experiments, Eva became deathly ill and had to remain in the infirmary for 3 weeks. Though not expected to live, she recovered to find Miriam also near death. Eva managed to smuggle in some potatoes from the kitchen for Miriam and nurse her back to health. When Auschwitz was evacuated in January 1945, many of the twins, including Eva and Miriam, remained behind. They were more or less on their own for the next few weeks, scavenging for food that had been left behind until Soviet troops liberated the camp in late January. The liberation pictures were taken the afternoon of liberation or the following day. There were many people around. They put the children in the prisoner uniforms and marched them between the barbed wire. Eve Kor remembered seeing quite a few people with cameras. She was very impressed. Her only acquaintance with the movies had been when her mother had taken her to the city to see Shirley Temple (April 23, 1928 – February 10, 2014) in some of her movies. For remembered walking between the barbed wire and thinking, “Why do they want to take pictures of us? Are we movie stars or something?” But, the pictures taken that day have proven to be historic. Her twin sister and Kor were among the 1st twins to leave. Miriam and Eva look very chubby. They did have shoes and coats on under the prison uniforms. They were probably heavier than when the SS left because they had eaten everything we could find during the 2 or 3 weeks before liberation. There were times when they ate a lot of bread from the kitchen. They also looked chubby because even then they carried everything they had with us — their food, bowls, blankets, everything, because they didn’t trust anyone yet. They considered these our treasures, their daily necessities, and they carried them everywhere. Miriam was wearing a dress that hit her above her knees. Eva’s dress was longer and warmer because she was the 1 that had to organize to get enough food for them. Eva looked very chubby in these pictures. Her face had always been chubby, no matter what her weight. Eva have no idea what she weighed. There were no scales for them to use. Eva recalled that just before she left Auschwitz, she remembered looking at my sister and thinking, “She looks like a skeleton. I wonder if I look like that too?” But they were not to leave Auschwitz that day of the film shoot. They stayed there for about 2 more weeks. Because they didn’t have enough food to eat, Eva went back to the basement where she had been getting flour. Eva filled up my scarf with flour, and then she heard a shot. Someone began to exclaim, “Nyet! Nyet!” Eva was absolutely petrified and thought her freedom – so recently won – was over. “What is this?” She thought. “I can not go where I want? I can not get food for us to eat?” Eva ran out as fast as she could and went back to Miriam. As she ran, Eva realized the Soviet soldier did not fire at her, like the Germans had. Eva knew now that he was trying to scare her. The Soviets were trying to take control of the camp and get things in order. Eva didn’t remember organizing any more food after that, so maybe they were provided something. She really didn’t know. The real reason she went to the basement was that they were hungry. It seemed that once they started eating, they were hungry continuously; they just couldn’t stop eating. Psychologically, they could not stop even though it was not good for them. So, after that incident, Eva policed Miriam and she policed Eva. They didn’t want to die from overeating. About 2 weeks later, the Soviets brought the children to a convent in Katowice. Eva and Miriam felt uncomfortable in the convent and wanted to return home to Port to search for surviving relatives. Though they were free to roam around the city, they could only be released from the orphanage if an adult relative took them under her care. They discovered that Missus Csengeri was living in town in a DP camp with her twin daughters. Missus Csengeri agreed to tell the convent she was an aunt so that the Eva and Miriam could leave to live with her. Eva and Miriam stayed with Missus Csengeri from February until September 1945, 1st in Katowice and then in Cernauti. After additional time spent in Schultz, in the Soviet interior, Missus Csengeri and the 4 girls eventually arrived in Simleul Silvaniei. Eva and Miriam returned to Port to find their home looted and their farm overgrown, in the care of 1 surviving cousin. He told the girls that Iren, Alexandru’s youngest sister, had survived and was looking for them. She had also been in Auschwitz and had lost her 1st husband and son. Eva and Miriam went to live with Iren and her new husband in Cluj and resume their education. They became involved with the local Communist youth movement but later got into trouble with the party. Iren decided that she did not want to live under a new dictatorship and pretended that her son had survived and was living in Israel in order to obtain exit visas. In 1950, the family immigrated to Israel, and Eva and Miriam settled in the youth aliyah village, Mosad Magdiel near Kfar Saba. Photo still by Alexander Voronzow (June 23, 1919 – August 15, 1991). After being drafted into the Red Army, he was assigned to a front-line film combat unit. With combat units of the Soviet army, he traveled from Western Ukraine to Berlin. After the end of World War II, he worked at the Central Documentary Film Studio, 1st as a cameraman, then as a director. | |
| Image Filename | wwii1722.jpg |
| Image Size | 517.56 KB |
| Image Dimensions | 1920 x 2801 |
| Photographer | Alexander Voronzow |
| Photographer Title | Belarusian State Archive of Documentary Film and Photography |
| Caption Author | Written or Adapted by Jason McDonald |
| Date Photographed | January 27, 1945 |
| Location | |
| City | Auschwitz |
| State or Province | Upper Silesia |
| Country | Poland |
| Archive | United States Holocaust Memorial Museum |
| Record Number | 66935A |
| Status | Caption ©2026 MFA Productions LLC Please Do Not Duplicate or Distribute Without Permission; Image in the Public Domain |
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